The pacemaker controls heart rhythm. | ||||||
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The sinoatrial (SA) node (pacemaker) generates electrical impulses, which spread rapidly through intercalated disks between cells , causing both atria to contract in unison. | The impulses pass to the atrioventricular (AV) node, where they are delayed for 0.1 second to ensure that the atria empty completely during atrial systole. | Muscle fibers called bundle branches and Purkinje fibers conduct the signals to the apex. | Signals spread throughout the ventricles, which contract in ventricular systole. |