Ecology.

  1. Organismal ecology studies how an organism meets environmental challenges.

  2. Population ecology focuses on factors affecting many individuals of a species live in an area.

  3. Community ecology deals with the array of other species in an area.

  4. Ecosystem ecology emphasizes energy flow and chemical cycling among biotic and abiotic components.

  5. Landscape ecology deals with arrays of ecosystems and how they are arranged in a region.

  6. Global ecology examines the influence of energy and materials on organisms across the biosphere.