Ecosystems CD

Introduction
  1. The chickaree lives in the forests of the Sierra Nevada and eats pine .
  2. Animals depend on the plants of the forest for as well as for food.
  3. Some plant seeds are dispersed by clinging to the of animals, or in the tracts of animals.
  4. The pattern of interactions among organisms and their environment is called a(n) .
  5. The living or biotic part of an ecosystem is called a(n) .
  6. Through , trees and other plants convert the energy of sunlight into the energy of bonds.
  7. The green plants are thus the of the ecosystem.
  8. In contrast to the plant producers, the deer and mountain lion are .
  9. Organisms which break down and recycle materials in wastes and dead bodies are called .
  10. Producers are often called - they make their own food; consumers and decomposers are called - they get their food from other organisms.
Section I: Trophic Structure
  1. A butterfly is an example of a consumer in the trophic pyramid.
  2. The hawk is a consumer if it eats an insect-catching bird.
  3. consumers are also called herbivores.
  4. In a forest ecosystem, the insects outnumber the trees, so the pyramid of is partially inverted.
  5. The pyramid of may sometimes seem inverted if producers have a higher reproductive rate than consumers.
  6. The pyramid of is always upright, since the number of calories always as one goes up each level.
Section II: Energy Flow
  1. Energy enters most ecosystems in the form of radiation, and leaves as .
  2. Because energy passes through the ecosystem and is not reused, the ecosystem is said to be a(n) system with regard to energy.
  3. A mouse is about % efficient at turning cheese into cat food.
  4. Most food chains contain or fewer links.
  5. Plants convert about % of solar energy into food for grasshoppers and mice.
  6. Energy occurs when energy leaves an ecosystem, while energy occurs when energy is introduced into an ecosystem.
  7. Our fuel reserves are composed of stored production energy from ecosystems of the past.
Section III: Materials
  1. In photosynthesis, and are combined to form glucose.
  2. The compounds from photosynthesis are broken down by respiration, where energy is release, and and are re-formed.
  3. With regard to materials, the ecosystem is a system.
  4. Carbon moves from the pool to the pool in photosynthesis, and is transferred from the biotic pool back to the pool when CO2 is released as a product of respiration.
  5. The carbon trapped in ancient sediments makes up the pool, which cycles slowly under natural conditions.
  6. Tropic forests undergo recycling of materials, while fir forests undergo recycling.
  7. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere traps solar energy, keeping the earth warm - the so-called effect.
  8. Copper and cobalt are needed in only tiny amounts as of certain enzymes.
  9. Only a few kinds of microorganisms can use N2 gas directly, through the process of biological nitrogen .
  10. In an ecosystem, energy movement is always -way, while materials are always , recycled over and over.
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